You are given two 32-bit numbers, N and M, and two bit positions, i and j. Write a method to insert M into N such that M starts at bit j and ends at bit i.
You can assume that the bits j through I have enough space to fit all of M. That is, if M = 10011, you can assume that there are at least 5 bits between j and i.
You would not, for example, have j = 3 and i = 2, because M could not fully fit between bit 3 and bit 2.
EXAMPLE
Input: N = 10000000000, M = 10011, i = 2, j = 6
Output: N = 10001001100
unsigned int mergeTwoInt(unsigned int n, unsigned int m, unsigned int i, unsigned int j)
{
//Step 1. Clear the bits j through i in n
unsigned int ones = ~0;
unsigned int left = ones << (j+1);
unsigned int right = (1<<i)-1;
unsigned int mask = left | right;
//Step 2. Shift m, and then merge m and n
return (n & mask) | (m << i);
}